日本漫画书的历史

我们都知道“漫画”这个词很流行。有些人喜欢称它为卡通，有些人则称之为连环画。但它究竟是什么？它是如何起源的？让我们一起来了解一下日本漫画的历史吧。

什么是漫画？

Manga as pictures and texts has by tradition been an important part of Japanese admired culture, amusement, art form, and “literature.” Japan has an extensive 历史 of comics that goes back to ancient times. Initially, in the 19th century, Katsushika Hokusai commenced publication of “Hokusai Manga,” which became a success. He invented the term manga. He was a renowned artist who left many masterpieces such as “Fugaku Sanjû-rokkei,” and “The 36 Sceneries of Mt. Fuji.” Later on, “Japan Punch”, a satirical comic magazine continued for twenty-five years and was very well-liked among the foreigners living in the overseas and as well as the Japanese residents. The word ponchi derived from the English word ‘punch’ began to address to what we call manga in the present day, and it substituted terms such as Tobae, Ôtsue, and Kyôga.

这一切是如何开始的？

Japanese have always taken pleasure in drawing and looking at caricatures. For example, Hôryûji Temple in Nara was created in 607 CE; it smoldered in 670 CE, and was steadily rebuilt by the beginning of the 8th century. It is the oldest wooden architecture in Japan and most likely the oldest in the world as well. A technique of amusing caricature called Tobae was commenced in Kyoto during the Hôei Period (1704 -1711). The term Tobae stems from Bishop Toba, and it was utilized to imply to caricature. Initially, in the 18th century, Tobae 图书, which were printed with woodblocks, were published in Osaka, which bloomed fruitfully.

From the Genroku Period (1688-1704) to the Kyôhô Period (1716-1736) so-called Akahon (a Red colored picture book of fairy tales) was very trendy, and Tobae books also became the latest thing because they were like the variation of Akahon. The publication of Tobae books extends to Nagoya, Kyoto, and Edo, modern Tokyo. This marked the commencement of the commercialization of manga in Japan. Manga then became a product to be sold to the public whether woodblock printed or hand-drawn. But it is only after World War II that it began to flourish. American comic strips such as: Superman, Blondie, Crazy Cat, Mickey Mouse, Popeye, and Donald Duck, were converted and commenced in Japan. Japanese people after the war devastation craved the privileged American 生活.

漫画在其悠久的历史中起到了什么作用？

漫画在其漫长的历史中，其主要目的是讽刺议会，尤其是在民权运动和政治改革时期。1875年，后藤正次郎、板垣泰介、江藤慎平等人提出了建立国民议会的构想。他们深受让·雅克·卢梭思想的影响。所谓的“漫画新闻”正是在此时出现，漫画也开始影响日本的政治观点。多种因素促成了讽刺漫画在短时间内的大规模生产，例如锌版印刷、石版印刷、铜版印刷、照相制版等技术的出现。航运和邮政服务的扩展也推动了这一进程。

一些著名的漫画家

手冢治虫、浦泽直树、三浦健太郎、荒木飞吕彦、伊藤润二、石田翠、永井豪、尾田荣一郎、村田佑介、荒川宏都是一些传奇的漫画艺术家。

另请阅读：为什么我们需要更多儿童书籍，而不是更多社交媒体平台